Vy, T. (1972). "Nutritional value of a vegetarian diet." Am J Clin Nutr 25(7): 647.

               hhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5035049

 

 

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1973

 

 

(1973). "Vegetarian diets." Med Lett Drugs Ther 15(7): 30-32.

               

Jhatakia, K. U. (1973). "Profile of coronary artery disease in vegetarian community." Indian Heart J 25(2): 94-99.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4726269

               

Register, U. D. and L. M. Sonnenberg (1973). "The vegetarian diet. Scientific and practical considerations." J Am Diet Assoc 62(3): 253-261.

               

 

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1974

 

 

(1974). "Letter: Vegetarian diet." JAMA 228(4): 460.

               

(1974). "Vegetarian diets." Am J Clin Nutr 27(10): 1095-1096.

               

(1974). "Vegetarian diets." J Am Diet Assoc 65(2): 121-122.

               

Foster, J. W., Jr. (1974). "The members of the vegetarian society. Lithograph by Cham (1853)." J Hist Med Allied Sci 29(1): 106-107.

               

Raper, N. R. and M. M. Hill (1974). "Vegetarian diets." Nutr Rev 32(0): suppl 1:29-33.

               

 

 

 

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1975

 

 

(1975). "Can a vegetarian be well nourished?" JAMA 233(8): 898.

               

Chen, J. S. (1975). "[Effects of a long-term vegetarian diet on blood components in adults]." Taiwan Yi Xue Hui Za Zhi 74(2): 158-159.

               

Dent, C. E. and M. M. Gupta (1975). "Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin-D-levels during pregnancy in Caucasians and in vegetarian and non-vegetarian Asians." Lancet 2(7944): 1057-1060.

                Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin-D(25-O.H.D.), Ca, P, and alkaline-phosphatase levels were determined in three separate periods during pregnancy in 14 Caucasian mothers, 23 vegetarian Asians, and 16 non-vegetarian Asians. Non-pregnant women from the same group were used as controls. The expected steady rise in alkaline phosphate during pregnancy due to increase in the placental isoenzyme, and the fall in total Ca due to haemodilution, were noted. No appreciable changes in 25-O.H.D. levels occurred, but throughout pregnancy the levels in the vegetarian Asians were lower than in the other two groups. The same analyses were made in maternal and cordplasmas in some of these patients. The babies' 25-O.H.D. levels averaged 87% of their mothers'. There was no clear evidence that pregnancy as such led to increased vitamin-D requirement in any case of these groups.

 

Green, J. D. (1975). "Megaloblastic anemia in a vegetarian taking oral contraceptives." South Med J 68(2): 249-250.

                A case is reported of megaloblastic anemia resulting from folate deficiency in a vegetarian who had been taking oral contraceptives for eight years. A brief report of the pertinent literature is included

 

Jenkins, R. R. (1975). "Health implications of the vegetarian diet." J Am Coll Health Assoc 24(2): 68-71.

               

Mosse, A. (1975). "[What should one think of the vegetarian and vegetable diets?]." Rev Prat 25(55): 4449-4458.

               

Sutnick, M. R. (1975). "Vegetarian diets." Prim Care 2(2): 309-315.

                A growing number of Americans are choosing to follow vegetarian diets. These diets can meet the nutritional needs of individuals of all ages. Vegetarians who eat eggs and/or milk and dairy products have no special problems in obtaining adequate nutrients. Pure vegetarians, who avoid all animal products, should pay particular attention to sources of protein, calcium, and riboflavin. Supplementation of vitamin B12 is indicated in these individuals. Guidelines for both good normal nutrition and therapeutic diets can be adapted for use with a vegetarian diet.

 

Williams, E. R. (1975). "Making vegetarian diets nutritious." Am J Nurs 75(12): 2168-2173.

               

 

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1976

 

Ellis, F. R. and T. Sanders (1976). "Letter: Angina and vegetarian diet." Lancet 1(7970): 1190.

               

Long, A. (1976). "Letter: Thiamine in vegetarian diets." Br Med J 2(6026): 47.

               

 

 

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1977

 

 

Guley, H. M. (1977). "A vegetarian program for students on a college board plan." J Am Diet Assoc 71(3): 276-277.

               

Herre, C. W. and R. V. Herwig (1977). "Vegetarian vs. normal as casual agents in tooth decay." J Kans State Dent Assoc 61(4): 12-14.

               

Shull, M. W., et al. (1977). "Velocities of growth in vegetarian preschool children." Pediatrics 60(4): 410-417.

                The growth velocities (weight and length) of vegetarian preschool children were compared to norms established from the Harvard growth study. At first measurement vegetarian subjects weighed less and were shorter than expected from Harvard standards. Growth velocities of children under 2 years of age were depressed, while among those over the age of 2 growth velocities were generally comparable to Harvard norms. Vegetarian boys over age 2 exhibited a higher mean weight velocity. Macrobiotics' mean weight and length velocities were not significantly different from those of nonmacrobiotics before age 2. However, the mean weight velocity of macrobiotics over age 2 was significantly greater than the mean weight velocity of nonmacrobiotics over 2 years. Low growth velocities of vegetarian children are more apparent in infants under the age of 2. When breast-feeding, possibly inadequate supplemental feeding may be present past 6 months of age. Since it is then that the velocities are more likely to be depressed, this may be the most appropriate time for surveillance and possible intervention.

 

Vyhmeister, I. B., et al. (1977). "Safe vegetarian diets for children." Pediatr Clin North Am 24(1): 203-210.

               

 

 

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1978

 

 

(1978). "Vegetarian diet and vitamin B12 deficiency." Nutr Rev 36(8): 243-244.

               

Aly, K. O. and P. A. Ockerman (1978). "[Fasting and vegetarian food--a therapeutic alternative]." Lakartidningen 75(28-29): 2619-2622.

               

Harland, B. F. and M. Peterson (1978). "Nutritional status of lacto-ovo vegetarian Trappist monks." J Am Diet Assoc 72(3): 259-264.

                The nutritional status of members of a lacto-ovo vegetarian Trappist community was studied. Body weights and heights were normal. An analysis of four weeks' menus showed that, for the most part, sufficient nutrients were provided. A 24-hr. dietary recall revealed that a number of the subjects had low intakes of some nutrients, particularly the B-vitamins and calcium, iron, magnesium, and zinc. Improvement in the nutritional intakes and resulting nutritional status of the men must rely on an availability of accurate educational materials and each individual's determination to gain the knowledge needed to make a wiser selection of food.

 

Higginbottom, M. C., et al. (1978). "A syndrome of methylmalonic aciduria, homocystinuria, megaloblastic anemia and neurologic abnormalities in a vitamin B12-deficient breast-fed infant of a strict vegetarian." N Engl J Med 299(7): 317-323.

                We studied a six-month-old infant with severe megaloblastic anemia, coma and hyperpigmentation of the extremities. He was found to have methylmalonic aciduria (79 mumol per milligram of creatinine) and homocystinuria (0.85 mumol per milligram of creatinine). Additional biochemical abnormalities included cystathioninuria, glycinuria, methylcitric aciduria, 3-hydroxypropionic aciduria and formic aciduria. The concentration of vitamin B12 in the serum was 20 pg per milliliter. This severe nutritional deficiency was a consequence of inadequate intake, for the infant was exclusively breast-fed by a strictly vegetarian mother who manifested methylmalonic aciduria. Our observations emphasize the importance of educating strict vegetarians about the deficiency of vitamin B12 in their diets and the importance of vitamin B12 supplementation.

 

Isaksson, B. (1978). "[Fasting and vegetarian food]." Lakartidningen 75(28-29): 2611-2612.

               

Macdonald, I. A., et al. (1978). "Fecal hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities in vegetarian Seventh-Day Adventists, control subjects, and bowel cancer patients." Am J Clin Nutr 31(10 Suppl): S233-S238.

                Cell-free extracts were prepared from mixed fecal anaerobic bacteria grown from stools of 14 vegetarian Seventh-Day Adventists, 16 omnivorous control subjects, and eight patients recently diagnosed with cancer of the large bowel. Preparations were assayed for NAD- and NADP-dependent 3alpha-, 7alpha- and 12alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases with bile salts and androsterone as substrates (eight substrate-cofactor combinations were tested). A significant intergroup difference was observed in the amounts of NAD- and NADP-dependent 7alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase produced: bowel cancer patients exceeded controls, and controls exceeded Seventh-Day Adventists. Other enzyme activity comparisons were not significant. The pH values of the stools were significantly higher in cancer patients compared to Seventh-Day Adventists; values were 7.03 +/- 0.60 and 6.46 +/- 0.58 respectively. The pH value for controls was 6.66 +/- 0.62. A plot of pH value versus NADP-dependent 7alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase tended to separate the cancer patients from the other groups. Comparative data suggest that much of the 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase active against bile salt is also active against androsterone.

 

Potterton, D. (1978). "Growing up a vegetarian." Nurs Times 74(13): suppl viii, x-xi.

               

Shull, M., et al. (1978). "Seasonal variations in preschool vegetarian children's growth velocities." Am J Clin Nutr 31(1): 1-2.

               

 

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1979

 

(1979). "Growth of vegetarian children." Nutr Rev 37(4): 108-109.

               

(1979). "Vegetarian diets." Med Lett Drugs Ther 21(15): 62-63.

               

(1979). "Vitamin B12 deficiency in the breast-fed infant of a strict vegetarian." Nutr Rev 37(5): 142-144.

               

Andersson, I., et al. (1979). "[Treatment of rheumatoid artritis with fasting and a lacto-vegetarian diet]." Lakartidningen 76(40): 3425-3427.

               

Burke, E. C. and D. M. Huse (1979). "Multiple nutritional deficiencies in children on vegetarian diets." Mayo Clin Proc 54(8): 549-550.

               

Calkins, A. (1979). "Observations on vegetarian dietary practice and social factors: the need for further research." J Am Diet Assoc 74(3): 353-355.

               

Dwyer, J. T., et al. (1979). "Risk of nutritional rickets among vegetarian children." Am J Dis Child 133(2): 134-140.

                Records of the dietary intake of 52 preschool vegetarian children seen from 1974 to 1976 revealed that macrobiotic vegetarian diets provided amounts of vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus that were marginal as well as less than the amounts provided by other vegetarian diets. Vitamin D supplements were rarely given. Two subjects had roentgenographic evidence of rickets. The medical histories of 32 children on macrobiotic diets who were examined in 1977 more frequently included prior physical and roentgenographic findings indicative of rickets, whereas those of 17 other vegetarian children did not. Children in the former group were more likely to have elevated levels of serum alkaline phosphatase. Two additional cases of rickets in children consuming a macrobiotic diet confirmed by roentgenograms were brought to our attention during the study.

 

Finberg, L. (1979). "Human choice, vegetable deficiencies, and vegetarian rickets." Am J Dis Child 133(2): 129.

               

Hill, P. B. and E. L. Wynder (1979). "Effect of a vegetarian diet and dexamethasone on plasma prolactin, testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone in men and women." Cancer Lett 7(5): 273-282.

                This study reports the effect of a vegetarian diet and dexamethasone administration on the hormone status of healthy Caucasian men and premenopausal women. A lower nocturnal release of prolactin and testosterone occurred in men fed a vegetarian diet, while in women, dexamethasone administration decreased the nocturnal release of prolactin and caused a greater decrease of plasma dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). These results show that diet modification can induce hormonal changes, If similar changes occur in patients with breast and/or prostatic cancer, diet modification may be of benefit in these patients with tumors known to be hormonally dependent.

 

Piscitelli, L. H. (1979). "Vegetarian ileostomates: mutually compatible?" ET J 6(1): 12-14.

               

Schaffenberg, J. A. (1979). "Vegetarian diets in children." Mayo Clin Proc 54(12): 815.

               

Scharffenberg, J. A. (1979). "Vegetarian diets." Am J Dis Child 133(11): 1204.

               

Zmora, E., et al. (1979). "Multiple nutritional deficiencies in infants from a strict vegetarian community." Am J Dis Child 133(2): 141-144.

                Severe nutritional deficiencies developed in four infants from a new vegan religious community. They had received breast milk until the age of 3 months; thereafter, breast milk was supplemented with or replaced by extremely low caloric-density preparations. All of the infants had profound protein-caloric malnutrition, severe rickets, osteoporosis, and vitamin B12 and other deficiencies. One infant died, while the three others had an uneventful recovery. After discharge of the infants from the hospital, the community responded well to a modification of the infants' diet, which did not violate their vegetarian philosophy. However, they refused to give their infants vitamin B12 on a regular basis.